A Common Problem of Shade Trees

Chlorosis is a common problem of shade trees growing in the urban areas of Sioux Falls. Chlorosis is the result of limited chlorophyll formation in leaves. Chlorophyll is the green pigment needed for the tree to capture energy from sunlight. The most visible symptom of chlorosis is a general yellowing or pale green coloring of the leaves. This chronic condition slowly decreases a tree’s vigor and ability to survive. White Oak and Eastern Pin Oaks are highly susceptible, but many other tree species including river birch, maples, and red oak are some of the most common trees affected in our area.

Causes of Chlorosis
A tree’s chlorophyll production may be compromised by a deficiency of elements like iron, manganese, zinc, or copper. The tree’s ability to absorb these nutrients may be reduced by alkalinity in the soil. Root damage and poor drainage can also contribute to chlorosis. In some cases only a portion of the tree may exhibit chlorotic symptoms. Before implementing any restorative treatments, an evaluation is necessary. Testing of soil pH and nutrient levels are necessary to provide successful treatment.

Helpful Practices in Combating Chlorosis:
• Have your soil tested before planting new trees. If your pH is higher than 7.0, avoid planting Eastern Pin Oak, Red Maple, or River Birch. Mulch the area around trees with Activated Organic Matter, with wood chips or shredded bark. Organic mulches tend to lower the pH and acidify the soil as they decompose. The goal is soil pH below 6.5.
• Avoid limestone rock mulches that can raise the soil pH. Do not use lime under the canopy of shade trees, as lime raises the pH of soil
• Do not use plastic or fabric liners under mulch materials- they only serve to limit oxygen reaching tree roots.

Treatment and Prevention
Trees with chlorosis require a series of treatments staged over a period of time. Not all the treatments occur at once; each takes place at during an optimum time of the season. As each case is unique, your consulting arborist will propose the treatments most appropriate for your situation.

It is best to begin with the least invasive treatments first, and move on to other measures if they become necessary. Chlorosis can be difficult to treat reliably over the long term. Some treatments may need to be repeated an undetermined number of times to maintain tree health.

Call Aspen Arboriculture at 605-759-6020 today to help determine a plan of action to help you combat chlorosis from affecting your shade trees.  Serving the Sioux Falls, South Dakota and surrounding areas.